Funding for this research was provided by:
Society for the Promotion of Science Japan (22H05098)
Tokyo Metropolitan University
Article History
Accepted: 12 August 2024
First Online: 4 October 2024
Declarations
:
: There are no financial or nonfinancial interests to declare.
: The 2022 survey was approved by the Ethical Committee of Tokyo Metropolitan University (Approval Number: H4-145). The 2003, 2008, 2011, and 2015 surveys are secondary data.