Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Dağdeviren Ertaş, Behiye https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2431-1914
Bariş Pekmezci, Fulya
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 24 September 2024
Accepted: 30 July 2025
First Online: 20 August 2025
Declarations
:
: In this study, secondary data (PISA 2022) was used. Therefore, no ethical approvals were required.
: There are no relevant financial or non-financial competing interest to report. No potential conflict of interest exists between authors.
