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Authors
Zhang, Jinjin
Li, Kun
Ji, Aibing
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Bureau of Statistics of China (2023LY025, 2023LY025)
Hebei Education Department (IT2023C02, IT2023C02, IT2023C02)
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Article History
Received: 27 March 2025
Accepted: 15 July 2025
First Online: 24 July 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
