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Authors
Qu, Tianwei
Zhang, Qixian
Li, Ya
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University Nursing Program for Young Scholars with Creative Talents in Heilongjiang Province (Nos. UNPYSCT-2020052)
Research Project on Higher Education Teaching Reform in Heilongjiang Province (Nos.SJGY20210747)
Doctoral Research Fund Project of Heilongjiang Institute of Technology (Nos.2018BJ03)
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Article History
Received: 14 August 2025
Accepted: 8 December 2025
First Online: 24 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
: Not applicable.
