Zhang, Liping http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-5641
Yan, Xiaoyu
Fox, Keith A. A.
Willmann, Stefan
Nandy, Partha
Berkowitz, Scott D.
Hermanowski-Vosatka, Anne
Weitz, Jeffrey I.
Solms, Alexander
Schmidt, Stephan
Patel, Manesh
Peters, Gary
Article History
First Online: 23 April 2020
Compliance with ethical standards
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: This analysis, including its design, and the collection, analysis and interpretation of data, were funded by Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany, and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA. The writing of the report and decision to submit the work for publication were carried out jointly by the authors, some of whom are employees of Bayer AG and Janssen Research & Development, LLC. All authors had access to the study data. A. Solms and S. Willmann are employees of Bayer AG; S.D. Berkowitz is an employee of Bayer U.S., LLC This work was conducted within the scope of their employment, and no additional payment was received. L. Zhang, P. Nandy, A. Hermanowski-Vosatka and G. Peters are employees of Janssen Research & Development, LLC, and own stock in Johnson & Johnson. This work was conducted within the scope of their employment, and no additional payment was received. X. Yan was an employee of Janssen Research & Development, LLC, at the time that this work was carried out and owns stock in Johnson & Johnson. He is currently an employee of The Chinese University of Hong Kong. This work was conducted within the scope of his employment at Janssen Research & Development, LLC, and no additional payment was received. S. Schmidt is a paid consultant for Bayer AG. K. A. A. Fox has received grants and honoraria relating to this work from Bayer AG and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, and he has received grants for unrelated work from AstraZeneca and honoraria from Sanofi/Regeneron and Verseon. J. I. Weitz is a consultant for and has received honoraria from Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Ionis, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer and Portola. M. Patel has attended advisory boards for AstraZeneca, Bayer and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, and he has received research funding from AstraZeneca.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee; details have been published previously [CitationRef removed, CitationRef removed]. This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study; details have been published previously [CitationRef removed, CitationRef removed].