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Authors
Li, Shilei
Chen, Fang
Dong, Yuxin
Chai, Haixia
Liu, Yuanyuan
Xia, Lei
Jin, Heng
Shou, Songtao
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Key Laboratory of Medical Rescue Key Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Emergency Management (YJBKFKT202419)
Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project (TJYXZDXK-007A)
Wu Jieping Medical Foundation (2023045)
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Article History
Received: 3 May 2025
Accepted: 14 March 2026
First Online: 28 March 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The ethics committee of Cangzhou Central Hospital has approved this study (approval number: 2024-193-02). The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: In this study, all patients or their family members included in the external validation dataset have provided informed consent.
