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Authors
Salem, Shebl E. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5315-8934
Mesalam, Ayman
Abd El Raouf, Mustafa
Mahmmod, Yasser
Abdelaal, Ahmed M.
Abdelgalil, Khaled S.
Monir, Ahmed
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Article History
Received: 12 February 2025
Accepted: 25 July 2025
First Online: 6 August 2025
Declarations
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: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Zagazig University Veterinary and Agricultural Research Ethics Committee (ZU-IACUC/3/F/147/2021).
: Managers or owners of the participating farms provided informed verbal consent to participate in the study. Due to cultural considerations, signed consent forms were not requested. Based on the results of each farm visit, recommendations for lameness and digital dermatitis preventions were discussed with farm managers and veterinarians.
: Not applicable.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
