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Article History

Received: 1 May 2025

Accepted: 28 October 2025

First Online: 18 November 2025

Declarations

:

: All procedures involving animals were conducted in accordance with ethical standards and guidelines for the use of animals in research. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Agricultural Research Council Ethics Committee, under approval number (APIEC 22/12). Animal handling, sampling, and data collection complied with the guidelines outlined by Agricultural Research Council. No invasive procedures were performed, and data used were derived during routine management and performance recording practices on participating farms.

: The authors declares that there are no competing interests.