Osman, Aamir M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9199-3516
Ibrahim, Abdalla M.
Hassan-Kadle, Ahmed A.
André, Marcos R.
Collere, Flávia C. M.
Mongruel, Anna C. B.
Lee, Daniel
Secato, Caroline Tostes
Vieira, Thállitha S. W. J.
Machado, Rosangela Z.
Vieira, Rafael F. C.
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of North Carolina at Charlotte
Article History
Received: 31 May 2025
Accepted: 14 January 2026
First Online: 20 February 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the ethical committee of Abrar University, Somalia (reference number AU/ARTC/EC/10/2018). All livestock owners gave consent to sample their animals.
: The authors have no competing financial interests to declare.