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Authors
Tang, Chaozhi
Wang, Tianlong
Luo, Huarong
Xue, Jingdong
Zhu, Miaojun
Hong, Zhe
Ding, Fang
Zhang, Fengwu
Zhu, Yihao
Tan, Ruoying
Wu, Denglong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shanghai Xuhui medical research project (SHXH202336)
Shanghai Xuhui medical research project (SHXH202220)
Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital Research Project (SHBY202513)
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Article History
Received: 27 August 2025
Accepted: 20 September 2025
First Online: 25 September 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The overall cohort received approval from institutional review boards, adhering to the Declaration of Helsinki, at Tongji Hospital (2021-119), Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital (2023-052-12), and Fudan University Cancer Hospital (2406298-12). Written informed consent was obtained from all participating individuals prior to sample collection and data acquisition. Consent documents specified: Authorization for urine sample collection and biomarker analysis, permission for anonymized clinical data usage, agreement to publication of aggregated research findings.
