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Authors
Siregar, Safendra
Sibarani, Jupiter
Prihatni, Delita
Ciam, Albert
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Article History
Received: 30 October 2025
Accepted: 28 November 2025
First Online: 10 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia, under reference number LB.02.01/X.6.5/357/2023 (Supplementary File). All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: Informed consent has been obtained from the legal guardians of the patients prior to study commencement. Patient’s legal guardians were informed about the purpose of the research, the procedures involved, potential risks and benefits, and their right to withdraw at any time without any impact on their medical care.
