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Authors
Filzmayer, Maximilian https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5715-9965
Polverino, Federico
Petix, Michele
Quarta, Leonardo
Orlandi, Filippo
Goyal, Jordan A.
Longo, Nicola
Musi, Gennaro
Briganti, Alberto
Micali, Salvatore
Shariat, Shahrokh F.
Kosiba, Marina
Humke, Clara
Wenzel, Mike
Saad, Fred
Chun, Felix K.-H.
Karakiewicz, Pierre I.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main
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Article History
Received: 25 February 2026
Accepted: 10 April 2026
First Online: 16 April 2026
Declarations
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: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: N/A. This study is based on the SEER database and includes only de-identified patient information. According to institutional policy, analyses of publicly available, de-identified data do not require Institutional Review Board approval or informed consent. Therefore, the Institutional Research Ethics Committee (Comité d’éthique de la recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal) confirmed that ethical approval and individual informed consent were not required for this study.
: N/A. No individual-level identifiable information is reported.
