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Authors
Helal Birjandi, Alireza
Richter, Nicolas
Faraj Tabrizi, Pouriya
Idais, Hamza
Kuczyk, Markus A.
Tezval, Hossein
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH)
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Article History
Received: 5 October 2025
Accepted: 16 April 2026
First Online: 21 April 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This retrospective study was reviewed by the Ethics Committee of Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (reference 11090_BO_K_2023; 27 September 2023). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments.
: The requirement for informed consent was waived because of the retrospective design and the use of anonymized data, in accordance with local institutional requirements.
: Not applicable.
