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Article History

Received: 21 December 2022

Accepted: 19 March 2023

First Online: 31 March 2023

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: As all German and Hungarian bats are protected by the European Commission and the Agreement on the Conservation of Populations of European Bats <u>(</u>), the research requires specific permission from local government authorities. The animals were found in urban and suburban areas in different regions of Germany (Bavaria, Lower Saxony and the metropolitan area of Berlin) near dead, injured or in a necrotic state. All bat corpses were provided by bat researchers and bat rehabilitation centers in the different geographical regions. Permission to examine the carcasses of dead bats was granted by the competent local authorities. In the case of Hungarian bats, sampling was authorized by the Hungarian National Inspectorate for Environment, Nature and Water. All sampling was done with the permission of the local authorities.

: Not applicable, as the research did not involve humans or client-owned animals.

: Not applicable as the research did not involve humans or client-owned animals.

: Authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.