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Authors
Mandrioli, Luciana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0579-9136
Brocca, Ginevra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3531-1592
Zamparo, Samuele https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7340-1305
Orioles, Massimo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0344-960X
Morini, Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5803-4487
Cortinovis, Luana https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5209-1643
Fiocchi, Eleonora https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4601-9543
Anjomanibenisi, Maral https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7571-7707
Toffan, Anna https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-3489
Pretto, Tobia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7699-9728
Verin, Ranieri https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9366-5682
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
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Article History
Received: 6 December 2024
Accepted: 26 January 2025
First Online: 1 February 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Animals were euthanized with a lethal dose of anesthetic 2-phenoxyethanol (200 ppm). Ethical review and approval were waived for this study because the animals involved were not fall under the legislation for the protection of animals used for scientific purposes, national decree-law 26/2014 (implementation of the 2010-63-EU directive). This study had no impact on animal welfare because all procedures wee carried out after the animals have been sacrificed, according to the best practices established by the international guidelines for euthanasia in fish.The tissue sampling used in this study was conducted at the fish farm by the attending veterinarian as part of a thorough diagnostic iter and following routine farm practices.
