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Authors
Pandey, Gita Sadaula
Pathak, Chet Raj
Sadaula, Amir
Manandhar, Prajwol
Bastakoti, Rabin
Kwak, Mackenzie L.
Hayashi, Naoki
Nonaka, Nariaki
Nakao, Ryo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
World-leading Innovative and Smart Education (WISE) Program (1801)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JP24KK0133)
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP23wm0225034)
Heiwa Nakajima Foundation
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Article History
Received: 12 June 2025
Accepted: 16 September 2025
First Online: 4 October 2025
Declarations
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: Both ticks and blood samples were collected with the consent of the animal owners and in accordance with the ethical guidelines of the Nepal Veterinary Council. Ethical approval for this research was obtained from the Ethical Clearance Committee of the Nepal Veterinary Council (Ref No: 56/2079.80).
: This manuscript has not been published and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.
: Informed consent was obtained from all owners of cattle involved in this study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
