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Authors
de Lima, Andressa de Fátima Kotleski Thomaz
Justo, André Augusto
Cunha, Flavio
Rego, Mario Antonio Ferraro
Yanai, Priscila Rocha
Franco, Rodrigo Prevedello
da Silva, Luis Claudio Lopes Correia
Cortopassi, Silvia Renata Gaido
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Financing Code 001)
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Article History
Received: 17 June 2025
Accepted: 27 September 2025
First Online: 1 November 2025
Declarations
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: The current study was approved by the Committee of Ethics in Animal Experimentation of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (CEUA protocol No. 2396210621), and by the Brazilian Biodiversity Information and Authorization System (SISBIO protocol No. 70016-3). Anesthetic procedures were part of a larger field project aimed at controlling the capybara population in a human-modified landscape of São Paulo, Brazil, and were conducted with approval from the “Departamento de Fauna, Secretaria do Meio Ambiente” (DeFau/SMA protocol No. 3618523). Therefore, this study adheres to two of the 3 Rs principles that guide global legislation on the use of animals in experiments: Reduction (since no animal was anesthetized solely for research purposes) and Refinement (as analyzing physiological data during anesthesia helps identify potential physiological derangements requiring attention).
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
