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Authors
Lee, Sully https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9654-5066
Chang, HyeSun https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4129-5832
Cho, Won-Yang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9225-4013
Jeon, Soyeon https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7900-0953
Lee, Sangjun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4251-7177
Kim, Sehoon https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2616-6610
Ryu, Min-Ok https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5614-9846
Seo, Kyoung-Won https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1561-3278
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Seoul National University
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Article History
Received: 22 July 2025
Accepted: 18 February 2026
First Online: 3 March 2026
Declarations
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: Animal use and all related procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Seoul National University (Approval No. SNU-220602-1-2) and complied with institutional animal welfare guidelines. The client-owned animals used in this study were enrolled after obtaining permission and informed consent from their owners for heart sound collection.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
