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Authors
Colson, Philippe
Levasseur, Anthony
Chaudet, Hervé
Devaux, Christian
Fantini, Jacques
Pontarotti, Pierre
Raoult, Didier
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Agence Nationale de la Recherche (Méditerranée‐Infection 10‐IAHU‐03)
French Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation
French Ministry of Solidarity and Health
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Article History
Received: 7 April 2025
Accepted: 23 October 2025
First Online: 6 November 2025
Declarations
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: DR declares grants or contracts and royalties or licenses from Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, Tokyo, Japan, until 2023. PC is a scientific adviser of BioSellal and Triber companies. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare relative to the present study. Funding sources played no role in the design and performance of the study, the collection, management, analysis and interpretation of the data, or the preparation, review, and approval of the manuscript.
: For SARS-CoV-2 genomes from the IHU-MI sequence database, a Health Data Access Portal of Marseille university and public hospitals (AP-HM) was registered with No. PADS24-190 and the study was approved by the Ethics and Scientific Committee of AP-HM. Otherwise, an ethics statement was not required for this study type as it was based on data from published literature or available in sequence databases.
