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An Integrated VMD-CNN-GRU Framework for Multi-Horizon Forecasting of Water Quality Dynamics

Published Online: 2026-02-06

Published Print: 2026-02

Authors

Torkan, Mojtaba Sabagh

Hekmatiyan, Abbas

Hashemzadeh, Mohammad

Ahvazi, Amin Karbasi

Hesamfar, Farshad

Zamani, Mohammad G.
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-02-01

Version of Record valid from 2026-02-01
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Article History

Received: 9 July 2025

Accepted: 20 October 2025

First Online: 6 February 2026

Declarations

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: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

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