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Article History

Received: 15 October 2024

Accepted: 2 February 2025

First Online: 6 March 2025

Declarations

:

: This study does not involve any animal or human subjects; therefore, specific ethical approval is not required. All relevant guidelines established by The Islamia University of Bahawalpur for handling plant materials during laboratory work were adhered to. All sampling was conducted with minimal disturbance to plant communities and the surrounding environment. Upon completion of the study, all experimental materials were properly discarded or incinerated in a controlled environment to prevent bio-contamination.

: The contributions of all participants involved in this study have been acknowledged in the authorship or acknowledgment sections. All contributors listed in this manuscript have made substantial contributions to the study and the preparation of the manuscript.

: All authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest with any individual, educational, industrial, or commercial institution.