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Article History

Received: 17 September 2024

Accepted: 20 March 2025

First Online: 4 April 2025

Declarations

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: Not applicable.

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: We confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this work, and there has been no significant financial support that could have influenced its outcome. Additionally, we ensure that all listed authors have thoroughly read and approved the manuscript and that no other individuals meet the authorship criteria but are omitted. All authors have approved the final version of the manuscript and the order in which their names appear. Due care has been taken to maintain the integrity of this work at all stages. We also emphasize that the peer reviewers suggested by the corresponding author have no professional, personal, or financial affiliations with any of the manuscript’s authors. These reviewers were selected solely based on their expertise and relevance to the research topic, and their email addresses were obtained directly from their published articles related to the subject of our study to ensure accuracy and transparency. Furthermore, the Editor had full responsibility for inviting the reviewers, receiving their reports, and making the final decision regarding the acceptance of this manuscript. The corresponding author had no involvement in these editorial decisions. We are committed to upholding the highest ethical standards and ensuring an unbiased and transparent peer review process.

: In this study, we used artificial intelligence tools, specifically GPT-4 developed by OpenAI, accessed through the OpenAI platform. The GPT-4-turbo version was employed for linguistic enhancement and data processing, providing guidance on the necessary transformations to adapt the data and suggesting which statistical analyses would be most appropriate to achieve the study’s objectives. We ensured that the use of the AI tool occurred under strict human supervision, guaranteeing the accuracy and integrity of the results. This statement reflects our commitment to transparency and methodological rigor, ensuring that the integration and validation of AI usage were managed adequately throughout all stages of the research.