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Authors
Li, Mingqian
Wang, He
Gu, Hongbiao
Chi, Baoming
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department (ZC2025089)
Science ResearchProject of Hebei Education Department (QN2025418)
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Article History
Received: 8 May 2025
Accepted: 16 September 2025
First Online: 4 October 2025
Declarations
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: All participants provided their written informed consent before participating in the study. The consent process adhered to the ethical principles and relevant regulations, ensuring the protection of participants' rights and interests.
: All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript and agree to its submission for publication. We confirm that we have obtained the necessary written consents from all individuals involved in the study for the publication of any identifiable information, including but not limited to images and personal data.
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
