Document is current

Article History

Received: 19 August 2025

Accepted: 7 November 2025

First Online: 19 November 2025

Declarations

: We affirm that this manuscript is the authors’ original work, has not been published elsewhere, and is not under consideration by any other journal. All sources of information, including our previous works, have been appropriately cited to avoid plagiarism. We further confirm that no part of this text contains reproduced materials without proper attribution.

: The authors confirm that this work was performed in accordance with the ethical standards for research and publication as specified by the journal Environmental Monitoring and Assessment and Springer Nature’s “Ethical Responsibilities of Authors” guidelines.

: All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript and consent to its submission for publication.

: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.