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Article History

Received: 16 July 2024

Accepted: 9 January 2026

First Online: 21 January 2026

Declarations

: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal ties that would have influenced the work presented in this study.

: This study is observational in nature. The Research Ethics Committee at the University of Dodoma has confirmed that ethical approval is not required.

: Verbal Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study prior to the interview.

: Not applicable.

: While some natural language processing techniques were used sparingly to enhance the clarity of writing, the study did not meaningfully integrate artificial intelligence or machine learning methods. No computational or algorithmic tools from the field of artificial intelligence were employed substantially in designing, conducting, analyzing, or optimizing the various aspects of composting experimentation and evaluation. The research relied predominantly on conventional scientific and statistical approaches.