Zulkifli, Syahidah Nurani
Rahim, Herlina Abdul
Noramli, Nur Athirah Syafiqah
Ali, Mohamed Sultan Mohamed
Rahim, Ruzairi Abdul
Amirullah, Indrabayu
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (04M88)
Universitas Hasanuddin (4B914)
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Article History
Received: 9 October 2025
Accepted: 24 January 2026
First Online: 7 February 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.