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Authors
Jansen van Vuuren, Lz D. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2153-1145
Hamiwe, Thabo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1792-7975
Ueckermann, Veronica https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4419-3583
Kock, Marleen M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-9268
Bosch, Anel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0093-1791
Ehlers, Marthie M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2199-6970
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Pretoria
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Article History
Received: 23 January 2026
Accepted: 10 July 2026
First Online: 27 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was granted by the University of Pretoria, Faculty of Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee (Reference number: 183/2023). Informed consent was waived due to the retrospective, observational nature of the study, with all patient information de-identified and anonymised prior to analysis.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
