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Authors
Fukuda, Motoki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0285-5008
Nomoto, Daisuke
Nozawa, Michihito
Kise, Yoshitaka
Kuwada, Chiaki
Kubo, Hirohito
Ariji, Eiichiro
Ariji, Yoshiko
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Article History
Received: 3 June 2025
Accepted: 4 September 2025
First Online: 22 September 2025
Declarations
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: All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Boards of Osaka Dental University (Approval No. 111195–0) and Aichi Gakuin University Hospital (Approval No. 496). Due to the retrospective nature of the study, informed consent was not required; participants were given the opportunity to opt out through in-hospital notification. This study was conducted in accordance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki.
