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Optimal elevation distance of the X-ray focus in vertical dual-exposure panoramic radiography for mitigating ghost images of cervical vertebrae in the upper incisor region

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11282-026-00903-z

Published Online: 2026-02-11

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Asakura, Shoichi

Nomura, Tomoyo

Moriyama, Ayuko https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5193-0095
Kishi, Mutsumi

Arai, Yoshinori https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6887-9088
Matsumoto, Kunihito https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4045-976X
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (JP22K10133)
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Article History

Received: 30 September 2025

Accepted: 23 January 2026

First Online: 11 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.

: Not applicable.

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