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Authors
Lin, Yu-Li
Yang, Yi-Chien
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Article History
Received: 22 January 2025
Accepted: 18 April 2025
First Online: 7 May 2025
Declarations
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: The NHANES program, conducted by the NCHS, adheres to strict ethical standards, having undergone a rigorous review and approval process by the NCHS Research Ethics Review Board (). This includes obtaining informed consent from each participant and ensuring data confidentiality and participant anonymity through the release of de-identified data. No additional Institutional Review Board approval or specific informed consents were required for this study since it was a secondary analysis of the NHANES dataset.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
