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Authors
Reinecke, Karla https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4849-3500
Kleynhans, Léanie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1635-253X
Ronacher, Katharina https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2487-125X
Loots, Du Toit https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0339-6237
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
North-West University
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Article History
Received: 29 September 2025
Accepted: 14 December 2025
First Online: 19 January 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethics approval for the larger scope of this study has been obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee (HREC) of the Stellenbosch University (reference number: N13/05/064; project ID: 4095). The current study (Ethics number: NWU-00096-23-A1-02) falls under a larger study at the North-West University with the title: “The characterization of tuberculosis-diabetes mellitus co-morbidity in a South African cohort using metabolomics” for which ethics approval has been obtained (Ethics number: NWU-00096-23-A1). All procedures performed in this study that involved human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Health Research Ethics Committee (HREC) of the Stellenbosch University and North-West University.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in this study.
