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Authors
Martelli, Vanessa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5329-7918
Doumouras, Aristithes G.
Mbuagbaw, Lawrence
Ayas, Najib
Tarride, Jean-Eric
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Canadian Institutes of Health Research)
Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health (Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health)
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Article History
Received: 30 September 2024
Revised: 30 December 2024
Accepted: 6 January 2025
First Online: 16 January 2025
Declarations
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: This document used data adapted from the Statistics Canada Postal Code Conversion File, which is based on data licensed from Canada Post Corporation, and/or data adapted from the Ontario Ministry of Health Postal Code Conversion File, which contains data copied under license from ©Canada Post Corporation and Statistics Canada. Parts of this material are based on data and/or information compiled and provided by: the Ontario Ministry of Health, the Canadian Institute for Health Information and the Johns Hopkins ACG® system. The analyses, conclusions, opinions, and statements expressed herein are solely those of the authors and do not reflect those of the funding or data sources; no endorsement is intended or should be inferred.
: Ethics approval was obtained from the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board, Ontario, Canada (#14237). All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments. The Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES) is an independent, non-profit research institute whose legal status under Ontario’s health information privacy law allows it to collect and analyze health care and demographic data, without consent, for health system evaluation and improvement.
: All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.
