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Article History

Received: 21 September 2024

Revised: 7 February 2025

Accepted: 24 March 2025

First Online: 4 April 2025

Declarations

:

: All procedures performed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee (Northern Sydney Local Health District) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: Patients provided written informed consent.

: Data for this study were collected as part of the Sydney Sleep Biobank (SSB). The SSB includes polysomnography and a comprehensive questionnaire collected from patients of three tertiary hospitals across Sydney (Royal North Shore Hospital, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and Westmead Hospital) and the Westmead Institute for Medical Research in Australia.

: PAC has an appointment to an endowed academic Chair at the University of Sydney that was established from ResMed funding, has received research support from ResMed and SomnoMed, and is a consultant to ResMed, SomnoMed, Signifier Medical Technologies, Bayer, and Sunrise Medical. All other authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.