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Authors
Goyal, Abhishek https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1719-4505
Wachinou, Ablo Prudence
Imler, Theo
Solelhac, Geoffroy
Joshi, Ankur
Agodokpessi, Gildas
Preux, Pierre-Marie
Heinzer, Raphael
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Indian Council of Medical Research (No 5/8/4-2 (COPD)2019-NCD-1)
Ligue Pulmonaire Vaudoise (Ligue Pulmonaire Vaudoise)
GlaxoSmithKline (GlaxoSmithKline)
Faculty of Biology and Medicine of Lausanne (Faculty of Biology and Medicine of Lausanne)
Swiss National Science Foundation (Swiss National Science Foundation)
European Respiratory Society (European Respiratory Society)
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Article History
Received: 13 June 2025
Revised: 20 August 2025
Accepted: 22 October 2025
First Online: 8 November 2025
Declarations
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: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were by the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee (name of institute/committee) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.For this type of study, formal consent is not required. Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals participants included in the study.
: The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships, which may be considered as potential competing interests. GS received Honoraria or consultation fees from Wellnest Retreats, Idorsia, and participated in advisory board of Idorsia. RH received Honoraria or consultation fees from Resmed, Jazz, Inspire, Bioprojet, Philips, Merck, Medtronic, Nestl´e, Idorsia, Nomics, Apnimed and participated in company-sponsored bureau from Idorsia, Resmed, Nomics.
