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Authors
Maniaci, Antonino https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1251-0185
Lentini, Mario
Lechien, Jerome R.
Iannella, Giannicola
Casale, Manuele
Moffa, Antonio
Pelucchi, Stefano
Caranti, Alberto
Pang, Kenny P.
Rotenberg, Brian
Vicini, Claudio
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Article History
Received: 3 September 2025
Revised: 26 October 2025
Accepted: 31 October 2025
First Online: 17 November 2025
Declarations
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: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee (University Kore of Enna Ethical Committee) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. For this type of study, formal consent is not required.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge, or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.
