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Authors
Huang, Wei-Chun
Hang, Liang-Wen
Liang, Shinn-Jye
Chang, Yu-Chang
Finnsson, Eysteinn
Ágústsson, Jón S.
Sands, Scott A.
Cheng, Wan-Ju https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4510-7584
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL146697, R01HL168067)
National Science and Technology Council (NSTC 113-2314-B-039 -063 -MY3)
National Science and Technology Council (NSTC 114-2628-B-400 -002 -MY3)
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Article History
Received: 18 November 2025
Revised: 9 January 2026
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 10 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of China Medical University Hospital (CMUH109-REC3-018).
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: S.A. Sands received grant support from Apnimed, Prosomnus, and Dynaflex, and has served as a consultant for Apnimed, Nox Medical, Inspire Medical Systems, Eli Lilly, Respicardia, LinguaFlex, and Achaemenid. He receives royalties for intellectual property pertaining to combination pharmacotherapy for sleep apnea via his institution. He is also co-inventor of intellectual property pertaining to wearable sleep apnea phenotyping also via his institution. He has equity in Achaemenid, a company commercializing biosensor technology for monitoring oral appliance treatment efficacy. He is also co-inventor of intellectual property pertaining to wearable sleep apnea phenotyping also via his institution. His industry interactions are actively managed by his institution. E. Finnsson and J.S. Ágústsson are employees of Nox Medical. W.C. Huang, L.W. Hang, S.J. Liang, Y.C Chang, and W.J. Cheng declare that they have no competing interests.
