Loh, Huai Heng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6818-469X
Kang, Waye Hann https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3209-7196
Yee, Anne https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9835-6798
Su, Anselm Ting https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8153-3244
Yong, Mei Ching
Said, Asri https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3008-5204
Loh, Huai Seng
Sukor, Norlela https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5434-2087
Funding for this research was provided by:
Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education (FRGS/1/2021/SKK01/UNIMAS/02/1)
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (FF-2022-066)
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (GP-2020-K013181)
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (GP-2021-K013181)
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (TAP-K013181)
Article History
Received: 4 August 2025
Revised: 2 December 2025
Accepted: 15 April 2026
First Online: 27 April 2026
Declarations
:
: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of previously published studies and does not involve any new data collection involving human participants; therefore, ethical approval was not obtained.
: All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.
: This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Not registered.
: Protocol not prepared.