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Authors
Thuany, Mabliny
Gomes, Thayse Natacha
Kipchumba, Kevin
Wachira, Lucy-Joy
Rozmiarek, Mateusz
Knechtle, Beat
Malchrowicz-Mośko, Ewa
Rolim, Ramiro
dos Santos, Marcos André Moura
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (2023.04886.BD)
Universidade Do Estado Do Pará
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Article History
Received: 21 May 2025
Revised: 19 February 2026
Accepted: 24 February 2026
First Online: 7 March 2026
Declarations
Conflict of interest: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
Ethical approval: The study was approved by the ethics committee in Brazil (Federal University of Sergipe, protocol nº 5.286.914), Kenya (Kenyatta University Centre for Research Ethics and Safety (PKU/2521/11648) , and Portugal (Faculty of Sports, University of Porto—CEFADE 12/2022), and complies with the recommendations for the 7th Revision of the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants received information about the study’s purposes and perspectives and gave their consent to participate.
Consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
