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Authors
Khan, Yasir
Hassan, Taimoor
Kirikkaleli, Dervis
Xiuqin, Zhang
Shukai, Cai
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (2108085MG245)
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Article History
Received: 8 September 2021
Accepted: 7 October 2021
First Online: 24 October 2021
Declarations
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: We confirmed that this manuscript has not been published elsewhere and is not under consideration by another journal. Ethical approval and informed consent do not apply to this study.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The idea of the original draft belongs to Y.K.; he wrote the introduction, literature review, and empirical outcomes sections. Z.X. and C.S. helped in data collection and data compiling. D.K. visualized data of observed variables. T.H. constructed the methodology section and revised the final draft. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study is financially supported by the Research Program of Social Science and Humanities, Ministry of Higher Education (21YJA790081).Foundation of Anhui Natural Science project number (2108085MG245).
: The data for this study is available on World Bank (WB) and BP Statistical Review websites. The data used in this study is from 1997 to 2020. The missing data for the last 2 years were generated based on previous data for some countries.
