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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Does energy consumption, economic growth, urbanization, and population growth influence carbon emissions in the BRICS? Evidence from panel models robust to cross-sectional dependence and slope heterogeneity

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17671-4

Published Online: 2022-01-23

Published Print: 2022-05

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Chen, Hao

Tackie, Evelyn Agba http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1373-3812
Ahakwa, Isaac

Musah, Mohammed

Salakpi, Andrews

Alfred, Morrison

Atingabili, Samuel
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

National Social Science Foundation of China (18GLB255)
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2022-01-23

Version of Record valid from 2022-01-23
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Article History

Received: 1 October 2021

Accepted: 17 November 2021

First Online: 23 January 2022

Change Date: 28 March 2024

Change Type: Correction

Change Details: This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail:

Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-33122-2

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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