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Authors
Liu, Chang
Bian, Cuiping
Wang, Xiaokai
Meng, Chaoyue
Li, Zhenqi
Liu, Zhoutong
Li, Ran
Han, Fenglei https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8131-2775
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Qingdao Municipality (25-1-1-176-zyyd-jch)
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Article History
Received: 7 August 2025
Accepted: 12 October 2025
First Online: 27 October 2025
Declarations
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: This is an observational study. The XYZ Research Ethics Committee has confirmed that no ethical approval is required.
: This is not applicable.
: All data and image information in this article have been obtained with the author's informed consent.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
