Van Damme, Menno https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-7680
Stegen, Sanne https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9186-5584
Steenwinckel, Bram https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3488-2334
Schroé, Helene https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8473-552X
Reyes del Paso, Gustavo A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2188-8673
Pulopulos, Matias M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7048-3795
De Raedt, Rudi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6781-4808
Vanderhasselt, Marie-Anne https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4045-1055
Derave, Wim https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2225-5587
Ongenae, Femke https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2529-5477
Boone, Jan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8485-6169
Van Criekinge, Wim https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2971-5539
Rietzschel, Ernst R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-177X
De Meyer, Tim https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2994-9693
Funding for this research was provided by:
NN Belgum
Novo Nordisk
H42
FWO-Flanders (G044222N)
FWO-Flanders (G044019N)
Ghent University (01G00623)
Article History
Received: 17 July 2025
Accepted: 23 December 2025
First Online: 17 January 2026
Declarations
:
: This study adheres to the Declaration of Helsinki and was registered with Ghent University Hospital’s Health Innovation and Research Institute (HIRUZ) as a clinical trial with specific aims also referred to in the manuscript (ONZ-2022–0632). The study was approved by the Ghent University Hospital Ethical Committee, and all participants provided informed consent. Given the limited sample size, information that may lead to the inference of individual participants’ chronological age is withheld from the manuscript to avoid identifiability, as requested by the Ethical Committee.
: Wim Van Criekinge had a relevant share in H42 at the time of the study. Sanne Stegen is a former employee of Golazo Energy. All other authors declare no competing interests.