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Authors
Chen, Yi-Ching
Chang, Gwo-Ching
Tsai, Yi-Ying
Zhao, Chen-Guang
Hwang, Ing-Shiou https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5168-2940
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST 110-2314-B-006-035-MY3)
National Science and Technology Council (NSTC 114-2410-H-040-015)
National Cheng Kung University
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Article History
Received: 29 November 2025
Accepted: 18 February 2026
First Online: 12 March 2026
Declarations
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: All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Helsinki declaration and approved by the National Cheng Kung University Hospital Research Ethics Committee.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: The participants have provided consent for medical photography and consented for the photographs to be used in the publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
