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Article History

Accepted: 4 June 2025

First Online: 10 June 2025

Declarations

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: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

: The use of the learning environment in this study was voluntary, but conditional on a two-step consent to use the platform and to participate in the study. The second informed consent for participation in the study could be withdrawn or granted again at any time, while the first consent was required for GDPR compliance. As an incentive for students'participation, additional exercises such as self-tests, self-assessments, and assignments were offered, as well as additional tools for semester planning and for reading the digital course texts. These differences in the learning offer are comparable to different didactic offers of tutors in face-to-face teaching. Students not participating in the study had no disadvantages regarding the examination, since the course texts provided to all enrolled students form the basis of the examination.