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Authors
Gülen, Emirhan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8396-722X
Göktaş, Yüksel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7341-2466
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ataturk University
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Article History
Received: 17 January 2026
Accepted: 29 April 2026
First Online: 26 May 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: This study involved human participants and was conducted in accordance with ethical principles. Ethical approval was obtained from the Social and Human Sciences Ethics Committee of Atatürk University (Education Sciences Unit Ethics Committee), Erzurum, Turkey (Meeting Date: April 22, 2022; Decision No: 13).
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
