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Authors
Wang, Jiale
Fan, Chunyang
Zhang, Yao
Hua, Di
Ji, Zhongwei
He, Wei
Deng, Yongkang
Geng, Dechun
Wu, Xiexing
Mao, Haiqing
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Article History
Received: 28 November 2024
Accepted: 13 March 2025
First Online: 2 July 2025
Compliance and ethics
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. The ethical review for the human clinical study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. The study adhered to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki to ensure the protection of human subjects. Informed consent was obtained from all patients involved in the research. In brief, human NP tissue samples were obtained from patients with varying degrees of IVDD who underwent foraminal endoscopic surgery, and used for subsequent tissue staining. All procedures involving the rats were conducted in accordance with the standard guidelines approved by Soochow University’s Animal Ethics Committee (Approval No. SUDA20240711A06).
