FDDME: feature divergence-directed data-free model extraction
Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-024-4781-5
Published Online: 2026-05-06
Published Print: 2026-07
Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy
Ma, Ruinan
Tan, Yu-An
Wang, Yajie
Ying, Zuobin
Zhu, Liehuang
Ma, Jianfeng
Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-05-06
Version of Record valid from 2026-05-06
Article History
Received: 18 March 2025
Revised: 28 December 2025
Accepted: 13 January 2026
First Online: 6 May 2026