Wu, Junjie https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0176-6452
Zhan, Xiaobin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0801-1313
Wu, Binwu
Jiang, Wei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5261-7374
Shi, Tielin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6977-9700
Article History
Received: 14 February 2025
Accepted: 12 May 2025
First Online: 24 September 2025
Ethics
: Conflict of Interest Tielin SHI is a member of the Editorial Board of Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering, who was excluded from the peer review and all editorial decisions related to the acceptance and publication of this article. Peer review was handled independently by other editors to minimize potential bias.