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Authors
Wang, Lei
Liu, Haitao
Lu, Bingheng
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Article History
Received: 5 May 2025
Accepted: 11 August 2025
First Online: 26 December 2025
Ethics
: Conflict of Interest Bingheng LU is a member of the Editorial Advisory Board of Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering and was therefore excluded from the peer review and all editorial decisions related to the acceptance and publication of this article. Peer review was handled independently by other editors to minimize potential bias.
