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Authors
Miqdadi, Ahmad I. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1642-9763
Alhalabi, Marwa Nayef https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9775-7912
Alhadidi, Majdi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3433-3028
Sinnokrot, Shaban https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1797-5512
Abdallah, Farah M.
AbuQamar, Qusai Abdulrahman https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9678-8693
Aldaieflih, Mo’tasem M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1699-5431
Mahmoud, Khadejah F. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7822-5515
Abu-Shennar, Jawad Ahmad https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9958-2431
Younis, Murad https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9041-5258
Alhusamiah, Bushra kh https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1981-4206
Aldiqs, Mohannad A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5582-2699
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Article History
Received: 17 July 2025
Accepted: 12 November 2025
First Online: 8 December 2025
Declarations
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: All procedures performed in the study involving human participants were inaccordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national researchcommittee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments orcomparable ethical standards. This article does not contain any studies with animalsperformed by any of the authors.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: Patients signed informed consent regarding the publishing of their data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Authors confirm that this paper has not been either previously published or submitted simultaneously for publication elsewhere.
: Authors assign copyright or license the publication rights in the present article.
: We acknowledge the use of OpenAI’s ChatGPT-4 for language enhancement purposes. The content and ideas remain the authors' sole responsibility, and ChatGPT-4 was utilized exclusively to refine the clarity and fluency of the language used.
